Ihe siliki bụ ihe bụ isi na isi ihe na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor. Usoro mmepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor kwesịrị ịmalite site na mmepụta nke ihe silicon bụ isi.
Monocrystalline silicon anyanwụ ogige ọkụ
Silikoni Monocrystalline bụ ụdị silicon elemental. Mgbe silicon elemental gbazere gbazere, a na-ahazi atom silicon na lattice diamond n'ime ọtụtụ oghere kristal. Ọ bụrụ na oghere kristal ndị a na-eto ghọọ ọka nwere otu ntụzịaka nke ụgbọ elu kristal, a ga-ejikọta ọka ndị a n'otu aka ahụ ka ọ ghọọ silicon monocrystalline.
Silikoni Monocrystalline nwere njirimara anụ ahụ nke quasi-metal ma nwee ike eletrik adịghị ike, nke na-abawanye na okpomọkụ na-abawanye. N'otu oge ahụ, silicon monocrystalline nwekwara nnukwu arụmọrụ semi-electrical. Silikoni monocrystalline nke dị ọcha bụ semiconductor dị n'ime. Enwere ike imeziwanye conductivity nke silicon monocrystal ultra-dị ọcha site na ịgbakwunye ihe ⅢA (dị ka boron), na ụdị P-ụdị silicon semiconductor nwere ike ịmepụta. Dị ka mgbakwunye nke trace ⅤA ọcha (dị ka phosphorus ma ọ bụ arsenic) nwekwara ike imeziwanye ogo nke conductivity, nguzobe nke N-ụdị silicon semiconductor.
Polysilicon bụ ụdị silicon elemental. Mgbe silicon elemental gbazere gbazere n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke supercooling, atọm silicon ka a na-ahazi n'ọtụtụ kristal n'ụdị lattice diamond. Ọ bụrụ na oghere kristal ndị a na-etolite n'ọka nwere ntụgharị kristal dị iche iche, mkpụrụ ọka ndị a na-ejikọta na kristal na polysilicon. Ọ dị iche na silicon monocrystalline, nke a na-eji na eletrọnịkị na sel anyanwụ, yana silicon amorphous, nke a na-eji na ngwaọrụ ihe nkiri dị mkpa nasel anwụ anwụ ubi ìhè
Ihe dị iche na njikọ dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ
Na silicon monocrystalline, ihe owuwu kristal ahụ bụ otu na enwere ike mata ya site na ọdịdị mpụga edo edo. Na silicon monocrystalline, kristal lattice nke ihe nlele niile na-aga n'ihu na enweghị oke ọka. Nnukwu otu kristal dị ụkọ na okike ma sie ike ime n'ime ụlọ nyocha (lee recrystallization). N'ụzọ dị iche, ọnyà atọm dị n'ụdị amorphous bụ naanị n'ịhazi oge dị mkpirikpi.
Usoro polycrystalline na subcrystalline nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke obere kristal ma ọ bụ microcrystals. Polysilicon bụ ihe mejupụtara ọtụtụ kristal silicon dị nta. Mkpụrụ ndụ polycrystalline nwere ike ịmata udidi site na mmetụta mpempe akwụkwọ a na-ahụ anya. A na-atụgharị akara ule semiconductor gụnyere polysilicon nke anyanwụ ka ọ bụrụ silicon monocrystalline, nke pụtara na kristal ejikọtara na-enweghị usoro na polysilicon ka a na-atụgharị ka ọ bụrụ otu nnukwu kristal. A na-eji silicon monocrystalline eme ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ microelectronic dabere na silicon. Polysilicon nwere ike nweta ịdị ọcha 99.9999%. A na-ejikwa polysilicon dị ọcha na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, dị ka mkpanaka polysilicon ogologo 2- ruo 3-mita. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ microelectronics, polysilicon nwere ngwa ma nnukwu macro na akpịrịkpa. Usoro mmepụta nke silicon monocrystalline gụnyere usoro Czeckarasky, mgbaze mpaghara na usoro Bridgman.
Ọdịiche dị n'etiti polysilicon na silicon monocrystalline bụ nke a na-egosipụtakarị na njirimara anụ ahụ. N'ihe gbasara akụrụngwa na ọkụ eletrik, polysilicon dị ala na silicon monocrystalline. Enwere ike iji polysilicon dị ka akụrụngwa maka ịbịaru silicon monocrystalline.
1. N'ihe banyere anisotropy nke n'ibu, ngwa anya Njirimara na thermal Njirimara, ọ bụ nnọọ obere doro anya karịa monocrystalline silicon.
2. N'ihe gbasara akụrụngwa eletriki, ihe nrụpụta eletrik nke silicon polycrystalline dị obere karịa nke silicon monocrystalline, ma ọ bụ ọbụlagodi na ọ nweghị ihe nrụpụta eletrik.
3, n'ihe gbasara ọrụ kemịkal, ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha abụọ dị obere, na-ejikarị polysilicon karịa
Oge nzipu: Mar-24-2023